Natural gas consists of conventional natural gas and unconventional natural gas. Shale gas is included in unconventional natural gas. Compared with conventional natural gas, shale gas is featured with low abundance, low porosity and permeability, low recovery ratio, large reserves and long lifespan of a single well.
The global shale gas resources are mainly distributed in North
America and Asia. In 2011, the exploitable shale gas resources in North America
and Asia accounted for 29% and 27% respectively.
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The United States is the earliest and most successful country in
the development of shale gas. In 2011, its shale gas output shared 27.8% of the
country’s natural gas output, thereby making its self-sufficiency rate of
natural gas rise to 94.4% and its import volume drop significantly. The success
of the United States has prompted the world's major countries to enhance shale
gas exploration and development.
China always uses coal as energy. In China’s energy consumption,
coal accounts for over 60%, while natural gas only about 5%, far below the
world average, so coal has huge development potentials in China. In recent
years, China’s demand for natural gas has witnessed rapid growth, but the
output growth has been slow, so that China depends on the import of natural gas
heavily. In 2012, 26.2% of the natural gas in China was imported. To reduce the
risk incurred by the high reliance and ease the contradiction between supply
and demand, China is accelerating the exploration and development of shale gas
and other unconventional natural gas.
In 2012, China’s potential volume of mineable shale gas hit 25
trillion cubic meters (excluding the shale gas in the Qinghai and Tibet), same
with that of China’s land conventional natural gas.
At present, China shale gas industry is still in its infancy,
with the output of about 540,000 cubic meters / day. Main mining enterprises
include PetroChina, Sinopec and Yanchang Petroleum. In 2015, the shale gas
industry will enter a rapid development stage in the wake of the completion of
China’s potential shale gas resource survey. By 2020, China’s shale gas output
will reach 100 billion cubic meters and become an important part of China's
natural gas energy. From 2011 to now, Ministry of Land and Resources of China
invited bids for shale gas exploration rights twice and allowed private
enterprises to participate in. In the second round of bidding, two private
companies won the bids. The third round of bidding will be held in early 2014,
and still open to small and medium private enterprises, providing equal
opportunities for private capital.
Most core technologies of shale gas mining equipment are
mastered by foreign enterprises. The cooperation with such enterprises will
bring some market share. In terms of status quo, SINO Geophysical and LandOcean
specializing in data processing and interpretation, Jereh engaged in fracturing
equipment and services, Tong Oil Tools focusing on composite penetrators and
services, as well as other oil service companies and oilfield equipment
manufacturing enterprises will obtain benefits most probably.
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China Natural Gas (Shale Gas) Industry Report,
2012-2015 covers the following aspects:
·
The global natural gas
and shale gas reserves and distribution, status quo of shale gas exploration,
and the shale gas development in the United States;
·
China’s natural gas
reserves and distribution, supply and demand, import and export, and
development forecast;
·
China’s shale gas
reserves and distribution, bidding, exploration, competition pattern,
development forecast;
·
Operation, oil and gas
exploration and development, forecasting and outlook of six oil and gas
exploration and development enterprises in China.
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